"'Bhishma said, "Thou art endued with great intelligence, O Yudhishthira! It is even so as thou sayest. The person is very rare who is possessed of all those good qualities. To be brief, conduct like this (viz., the presence of all the virtues spoken of), is very difficult to be met with even upon careful search. I shall, however, tell thee what kinds of ministers should be appointed by thee. Four Brahmanas, learned in the Vedas, possessed of a sense of dignity, belonging to the Snataka order, and of pure behaviour, and eight Kshatriyas, all of whom should be possessed of physical strength and capable of wielding weapons, and one and twenty Vaisyas, all of whom should be possessed of wealth, and three Sudras, every one of whom should be humble and of pure conduct and devoted to his daily duties, and one man of the Suta caste, possessed of a knowledge of the Puranas and the eight cardinal virtues, should be thy ministers. Every one of them should be fifty years of age, possessed of a sense of dignity, free from envy, conversant with the Srutis and the Smritis, humble, impartial, competent to readily decide in the midst of disputants urging different courses of action, free from covetousness, and from the seven dreadful vices called Vyasanas. The king should consult with those eight ministers and hold the lead among them. He should then publish in his kingdom, for the information of his subjects, the results of such deliberation. Thou shouldst always, adopting such a conduct, watch over thy people. Thou shouldst never confiscate what is deposited with thee or appropriate as thine the thing about whose ownership two persons may dispute. Conduct such as this would spoil the administration of justice. If the administration of justice be thus injured, sin will afflict thee, and afflict thy kingdom as well, and inspire thy people with fear as little birds at the sight of the hawk. Thy kingdom will then melt away like a boat wrecked on the sea.Mbh 12.85.4a · Mahabharata · SANTI PARVA
Mbh 12.85.4a
Mahabharata · translated by Kisari Mohan Ganguli
Themes in this passage
HumilityJusticeDevotionDharmaFearGreedKarmaLeadership
Humility in other traditions
The same theme, as Christianity, Islam, Hellenism and Buddhism address it.
With all lowliness and meekness, with longsuffering, forbearing one another in love;Ephesians 4:2 · Bible · Ephesians
They fall down on their faces, weeping, and it increaseth humility in them.Quran 17:109 · Quran
He said, nor answer’d Priam’s warlike son; When Helen thus with lowly grace begun:Iliad 6.33 · Iliad · 6
Is there in this world any man so restrained by humility that he does not mind reproof, as a well-trained horse the whip?Dhp 10.143 · Dhammapada · Punishment
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